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If your Ubuntu Kernel is updated your kernel parameters will be lost. In my case one of my IBM systems will not boot unless iommu=soft exists as a kernel boot parameter. To make this change survive after kernel updates do the following.
edit /etc/default/grub and add the entry to GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT:
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash iommu=soft"
You can also make changes to grub 2 during system start-up by pressing 'e' and then 'f10' to boot. I had to change hd(1,msdos1) to hd(1,5). To make this change permanent when the OS booted I ran:
update-grub
Source: https://foxhop.net/f3c2686e-2f95-11f1-82b5-e86a64d24d78/grub2-ubuntu-add-kernel-parameters-that-survive-updates
Snapshot: 2026-05-31T02:21:51Z
Generator: Remarkbox 1527ef7